Other German WWII equipments.

LW.e.a / KW.e.a German receiver WWII.

Wehrmacht receiver Type LW.E.a  Tubes RV2.4P800 Wehrmacht version.

 

Rotating Coil central,it is a master piece of work. 

  Here is the cheme to power unit for Kwea/Lwea.Soon the picture of the unit.

 

bulletThis receiver was in use by the "Wehrmacht", especialy in radio vehicles.
 
bulletThe Kw.E.a is an early type of 1941 and in fully working condition. Frequency range: 0.980-10.2 Mhz in 5 bands
 
bulletThe Lw.E.a is an early type of 1938                                                  Frequency range: 0.720-1.525 Mhz in 5 bands

Telefunken AG

 

                                Logo 1938 and 1903

Two rival research groups were working in the field of wireless telegraphy at the beginning of the last century. The Slaby-Arco group was represented by the radio-telegraphy department of AEG, founded in 1899. The Braun-Siemens group was represented by a company named Gesellschaft für drahtlose Telegraphie, System Prof. Braun und Siemens & Halske GmbH. Under the advice of emporer Wilhelm II, the two groups merged to form the Gesellschaft für drahtlose Telegraphie mbH company on May 27, 1903


Originally founded on the 23rd of May in 1903 as Gesellschaft für drahtlose Telegraphie mbH (or the Wireless Telegraph Co.) and was initially a vehicle to pool the radio related patents held by Siemens and AEG with each company holding 50% of the ownership. Became one of the most innovative electronics company of the 20th century, amongst their achievements in the field of audio are the tape recorder, HighCom and TelCom noise reduction systems ( at the time much better than their Dolby equivalents), Direct Metal Mastering (DMM) technology used for pressing LP records, the PAL colour TV system (it and variants thereof used everywhere except in North America and Japan) and indeed the concept of the hi-fi separates was thought up by engineers of this company in the 1920's. Siemens shares in the company were bought by AEG in 1941 and Telefunken was run as an independent subsidary of that company from there on. By the early 80's the Telefunken consumer and professional AV prducts where incorperated into the AEG product lines and the consumer side of the business and trademark was sold to Thomson in the mid 80's who used by them for the German market for a while, the company was then sold do Gradiente, although for non-consumer products the company still exists as a AEG subsidiary.

Telefunken delivered the first two transmitters for the new coastal radio station, Norddeich Radio, in November 1905.
In October 1906, the expansion of the later large Nauen station was completed with a range of 300 km and HF output of 10 kW.The first fully electronic television studio equipped by Telefunken for the Deutsche Reichspost was opened with a live broadcast in August 1938.
The 500 kW long wave transmitter in Herzberg, the most powerful German broadcast transmitter, supplied by Telefunken began operations on May 19, 1939. On September 24, 1941, AEG took over the 50% of Telefunken shares owned by Siemens & Halske AG valued at 20 million Reichsmarks. Thus, Telefunken became a 100% subsidiary of AEG.
In exchange, Siemens & Halske AG received the shares of Eisenbahn-Signalwerken, Klangfilmgesellschaft mbH and Deutsche Betriebsgesellschaft für drahtlose Telegraphie (DEBEG) owned by AEG.The reconstruction after the World War II posed a particularly difficult challenge to Telefunken. All production facilities and equipment were destroyed, disassembled or confiscated and many valuable experts were scattered around the world. Rebuilding began in West Germany and Berlin in 1945, and the production of tubes and transmitters was resumed in the same year.

Through the war Telefunken produced Radio equipments for the army,mostly heavy Transmitters,radar etc.Mutch of the radio constructions was handled over by C.Lorenz AG

 

 

Receiver KWE-a or LWE-a

A view inside the receiver. Very well visible are the tubes RV2P800 in there sockets. Right is shown the 2 gasfilled bulbs for protecting the HF-input. Very high voltages due to lightning in heavy thunderstorms are fed back then through them to earth. The various coil sets for the several frequency bands above right are turned around  via a kind of "Maltheser Kreuz" principle. When it begins turning, the contacts are lifted (open contacts), then the coil set turnes to its position, stops turning and after that  the contacts are closing again. In this way the contacts are kept pure and clean.


This is a master piece which has put a technical standard that, in my opinion, was the world's best battery tube powered communication receiver for that freq. range; if you imagine that is was designed (I suppose) 1936-1938. Not only the mechanical construction, but the circuit design as well were outstanding (advanced). Look for example the design of the IF stages with the band width selection control and/or the separate AVC (AGR) amplifier among many other things. This technical effort is in my opinion quite under valued, from the technical point of view it isn't important that an item (artefact) is too expensive to be produced compared to similar Allied artefacts.

Regenerative receivers were an exception (I mean super-regenerative, not straight forward receivers, because the TornE-b and/or Lo 6 K 39 were very good, although no super heterodyne), these were used only for small portable sets But the British used this same principle for the B-set of the WS 19 as well.

The major difference between receiver standards from Europe and the US were for the latter that they were using tubes extensively (quantity) which, caused by economical factors, wasn't possible in Europe. US communication receivers often used twice the number of tubes as these were utilised in Germany, Holland and Britain. An other important factor which is often neglected is the fact that the Germans were very well orientated on what was going on in the US and many US articles and publications were discussed by them. Probably because so many German scientist were immigrated to the US and some still had links to Germany kept alive.

 E52b Køln

  Attenuation De-Tuning                Bandwidth Wide                       Bandwidth Narrow

                                                     3 db                                           5 kHz                                               0.2 kHz                                                       40 db                                         10 kHz                                                 1 kHz                                                     60 db                                         13 Khz                                                 2 kHz

E 52 b "Koln"
Some of the communication equipment and related pieces of gear, like radar, were called after well known German towns. The E 52 is an example of this, because 'Koln' is the name of a famous German town, in English speaking countries known as Cologne. We will use both E 52 and Koln when referring to the receiver we are going to discuss now.

There can be no doubt that the E 52 is the ultimate of German receiver design of WW II days. It is another Telefunken design and became available around 1943. The instruction manual that PAOAOB put to my disposal for writing this article carries the date August 1943. The book says the E 52 I was meant for short wave communications in the army and for governmental organisations.

You get a first impression from it by looking at the two hinging lids that are lifted to show some of the gadgets under them when they are normally closed. You probably notice the clean layout of the front panel and the functional shape of the controls. And that was done in the days that "ergonomics' was an unknown word.
The dimensions of the radio are 24.1 cm high, 44.6 cm wide and 36.9 cm deep. Its mass is a massive 42.8 kg (94 lbs.). The set can be run from 110-230 V. a.c., from which 60-96 watts are consumed, or from a 12 V. battery. A vibrator power supply is built in.

There are five frequency ranges, as follows:


 (Range I ) 1.5-3 MHz, white scale on the dial.
( Range II ) 3-6 MHz, red scale.
( Range III ) 6-10 MHz, yellow scale.
( Range IV ) 10-17.6 MHz, blue scale.
( Range V ) 17.6-25 MHz, green scale.

The ranges are selected by the oblong control to the left of the indication 'FrequenzeI.nstellung" (frequency adjustment). The frequency the radio is tuned to can be read from the semicircular dial. To avoid reading the wrong scale the frequency ranges are tabulated to the left of the dial and the table also shows the colour of the scale to be read.

Tonschreiber d (Dora)   AEG Magnetophone

  Frequency: 50-6000hz. Bandspeed 77cm/s.Roller capacity 10min.Factory AEG. in berlin.Produced 1941 but product started 1940/41. Color military green until 1943.1943 to 1945 antracit.5 batteries 2,4v NC-28 in serie and vibrator power.

Tonschreiber c (Cesar)

   Frequency: 200-2000hz. Bandspeed 19cm/s.Roller capacity 11min.factory AEG in Berlin.Produced 1941.Color military green until 1943,thereafter antracit. Powering the unit with steel-spring mecanism and 4.5 v dry battery for microfon and band .Steel-spring driving the band-motor.Weight ca 12kg. The band was made of 6.5mm Azetylcellulosefilm

Tonschreiber Ton S.b1

  Freqency 60 -5000hz.bandspeed 9-120cm/s.Producer AEG.Berlin 1939.Color antracit.Power 110 to 250v ac.Tubes: 7 RV12P2000, 2 LS50,1 Glimmtube UR110. Weight 61kg.

Pic from S.E.Blacklock

 

The Germans led the efforts to improve magnetic recording. AEG developed the Magnetophone, and improvements in the chemical engineering of polymers allowed its partner BASF to ship the first magnetic tape in 1935 — a foil of cellulose acetate coated with a lacquer of iron oxide bound with additional cellulose acetate. Most developed nations continued to work on magnetic tape for commercial and, with the approach of World War II, military applications.During the War, the Allies became aware of the German superiority in this technology. As U.S. forces advanced late in the war, a young technician from the Army Signal Corps, John T. “Jack” Mullin, was assigned to capture and analyze enemy radio equipment. He stumbled upon an advanced Magnetophone, and U.S. work soon progressed in this area.According to one popular story, in 1945, General Dwight D. Eisenhower wanted to record a message to the German people, which he did using captured German tape. However, the tape had not been completely erased, and Hitler’s voice, so the story goes, could be heard intermittently along with that of Eisenhower. Eisenhower ordered that no more captured tape could be used, and ordered Major John Herbert Orr to use captured German scientists to set up an American tape manufacturing facility.Afterwards, Orr returned to civilian life in the United States where he went into partnership with Alexander Poniatoff. Their company — Ampex — began producing magnetic tape and magnetic recorders (German patent rights on the recorders had been seized by the U.S. Alien Property Custodian).Meanwhile, Mullin had also returned from the War, and in 1946 demonstrated the advanced Magnetophone to a meeting of the IRE, predecessor to the IEEE. There, according to Mullin's own account, it created quite a sensation. Word got back to Bing Crosby, who was a pioneer in the area of entertainer-as-entrepreneur (think Oprah Winfrey today). With Mullin as a consultant, Crosby began to use the Magnetophone to record his radio programs. Soon Mullin entered an arrangement with Ampex to supply the equipment and recording medium, and the company and the technology took off.The full Bing Crosby story will make for a good “Engineering & Pop Culture” piece in this space some day. The important fact is that magnetic tape became a crucial recording medium for the birth of the information age, used for video as well as audio, in formats such as cassette and 8-track, for sound recording in motion pictures (replacing optical sound tracks), and eventually for digital recording, including computer memory.There were many other players around the world: 3M in the United States; a reformed BASF in Germany, Philips in the Netherlands; and Sony in Japan. Ampex always remained a leader, and in 1995, Ampex successfully spun off its media division as Quantegy. Over the past few decades, digital recording has all but completely supplanted analog recording. Various new media, including those that employ lasers, are now more widely used to record digital signals. Although magnetic tape will continue to be used for niche applications, it is no longer as ubiquitous as it once was. We tip our hat to Quantegy and the closing of another chapter in electrical history.

Nahfeldhpeiler  P.57n

  Frequence 3.0 to 20 Mhz, mod A1-A3.Producer Telefunken.berlin.In war ca 1941.Constructed 1935.Color,marine blue.Constructed for moving army.police and airports.This unit was mounted in special cars.Battery 4 x 4.8v NC10 and anode battery 150v Pertrix type 307.Tubes: 1 RE084, 3 RE084K and 2 RES094.IF-968khz.

 

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